Antiquity... — The Other God: Dualist Religions From

: Stoyanov begins by analyzing the transition from the balanced Egyptian cosmology of Horus and Seth to the radical revelations of Zoroaster , where the good creator Ahura Mazda is opposed by the evil Angra Mainyu.

: A significant portion of the work focuses on the "Great Heresy" of medieval Europe—the Bogomils in the Balkans and the Cathars in the Languedoc—who were perceived as heirs to these ancient dualist traditions. The Other God: Dualist Religions From Antiquity...

: The narrative explores how late antiquity movements, such as the Gnostics and Manichaeans , viewed the physical world as a misguided or malicious creation by a "demiurge," separate from the true, hidden God of spirit. : Stoyanov begins by analyzing the transition from

The book challenges the standard monotheistic narrative by examining how various cultures identified an "Other God"—a deity or principle associated with darkness, matter, or the underworld—as a fundamental architect of the human experience. The book challenges the standard monotheistic narrative by