Porcelain

The foundational ingredient. It provides structural integrity and maintains the white color at high temperatures.

Acts as a framework for the fired material, increasing mechanical strength and resistance to thermal shock. Porcelain

Proportions vary based on the intended use and firing temperature: The foundational ingredient

Typically 50% kaolin, 25% quartz, and 25% feldspar. and 30% feldspar

Acts as a "flux," melting during firing to create a glassy matrix that bonds the other ingredients together, making the final piece non-porous (vitrified).

Generally contains 25% kaolin, 45% quartz, and 30% feldspar, firing at lower temperatures.

The specific "recipe" or content for porcelain determines its final properties like whiteness, strength, and translucency.