Led by famous monarchs, including Richard the Lionheart and Philip II. Despite successes, they failed to recapture Jerusalem from Saladin.
The Crusades were a series of military-religious campaigns (XI–XV centuries) initiated by the Western Catholic Church to "liberate" Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule. Led by famous monarchs, including Richard the Lionheart
Significant loss of life and destruction, deepening of the rift between the Western (Catholic) and Eastern (Orthodox) churches. Answers to Common Chapter Questions Led by famous monarchs
Hoped for freedom from feudal oppression and a better life in the "promised land." and "forgiveness of sins."
Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont in 1095.
Aimed to expand its influence and increase its wealth. Knights: Sought new lands, fame, and "forgiveness of sins."