The role is now often discussed in the context of reducing the "dogmatic expression" that hampers unity with Orthodox and Protestant traditions. 2026 Context (Pope Leo XIV) Pope Francis: Bishop of Rome Walking With His People
The 2024 study document suggests rethinking the Petrine primacy by reviewing Vatican I in light of Vatican II, promoting a model that includes synodality (walking together) and collegiality among bishops.
Pope Francis often referenced this phrase to explain that his role is not to act as a monarch, but rather to lead by serving and fostering love, within the college of bishops. Historical and Modern Context